Improvement in horseshoe-nail machines



u ZSheets--Sheet-Z. A I. WHYSALL, lr. & C. M. MERRlCK. Horseshoe Nail-Machines.

-N0.147`,453, Paramedmomsm.

Witnesses:

TED STATEs PATENT OFFICE.

Jon wErsALi-J, JE., Ann oHAELEs M. MEEEIoK, or NEW BRIGHTON, TA.

IMPROVEMENT IN HORSE-SHOE-NAIL MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 147,458', dated February 10, 1874; application fled February 4, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

article desired, which constitute the subject of our invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the same at the dotted lines x x, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the same at the dotted lines y y, Fig. l. Fig. 4 is an enlarged plane view of one of the cam-wheels detached. Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross-section of part of'one of the hammers detached, and Fig. 6 is an enlarged longitudinal cross-section of part of the cutter detached.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

It is the object of our invention to iinish the horseshoe-nail or other article, and out onfand deliver the same from the machine at one revolution of the shafts; to reduce gradually the metal being acted upon, thus preserving solidity of ber; so arranging the hammers and rollers, relatively, that lthe scales of the metal fall entirely clear of 'and are not worked into the article in process of being forged or pointed; and by a great reduction of speed, the power is advantageously applied with less wear or racking of the parts than has hitherto been attained in machines for similar purposes 5 and consists, first, in the combination of three hammerstwo horizontal and one vertical-pivotedi at the rear, and carrying dies at their outeri ends, said hammers bein g held apart by means of a spring, and forced together by cams supported on shafts having bearings in the frame, which cams have a series of cam projections on their periphery that gradually increase in height from the one that strikes the irst blow to that that gives the inishin g stroke, to gradually draw down and finish the nail 5 second, in the combination, with these hammers and cams, of a wheel having projecting armsbearing rollers that act in conjunction with the upper hammer, to draw and iinish the face of the nail; third, in the combination, with the hammers pivoted and operated by the cams, as described, of a eutter situated on the end of one of the side hammers, and operated after the nail is nished, and while held between the hammers,

by a stud on one of the cams, to cut oif the nail 5 and, fourth, in the combination and arrangement of the actuating mechanism and the hammers with the frame and supports of the machine, as will hereafter be fully set forth.

A is a strong cast-metal frame, which carries the working parts, and rests upon and is firmly bolted to the legs a a. B is a metal rib to support the hammers, and is securely bolted to the frame A at b b. C is a lcast-metal receptacle for the ends of the hammers, and is bolted to the inside of the rib B at c. Dl D2 D3 are the hammers, of castor wrought metal, secured at the rear ends, by bolts, to the receptacle C, at h h h. The front ends of the hammers pass through the openings in the frame A, in which openings the ends of the hammers vibrate in arcs of a circle, the bolts securing them to the receptacle C forming the center. These hammers are constructed wit-h slots at the front ends to receive the steel dies a', which dies are held in place by screws passing through the hammers. (Shown at Fig. 5.) The hammers are also provided with friction-rollers d2 d2 d2. E is a rubber spring', placed between and pressing against` the inside of the hammers Dl Dl2 D3 at their rear ends, and is secured in position by the bolt c, which passes through 4the rib B, the receptacle C, and spring E, and is provided with nuts c1 e2, by which mode of securing a greater or less pressure, as may be desired, can be put upon the spring E by ti ghtenii'l g or loosening the nut c2. Fl F2 F3 F4 are four shafts,forming a square or paralellogram upon the same plane, heldin the bearings of the frame A by caps ff, F1 being the main drivin g-shaft, the power being applied to the pulley G, or its equivalent,and the power transmitted to the other shafts by means of miter cog-wheels g, or their equivalent. The main shaft is also provided with a iiy-wheel, H, and a wheel, I, both se- 'FigA-the object being to gradually reduce cured by means ot keys or set-screws. The wheel Il has arms il i2 il* il fir', havingl at their extremities cylindrical rollers l, as shown clearly by the cross-section drawing, Fig. .2. The three other shafts, 'lf2 Il F", have m like manner secured to them, respectively', cam-wheels Jl JZ J, which wheels are each provided with cams or prominencesjljzjljlj". These clams may be equally distant from the center ot the shaft upon which they revolve; but we prefer them at irregular distances -that lis to say, 7l a little nearer thanjl, andjZ a little nearer than j, and so on, as shown by the dotted lilies,4

the metal. These cam-wheels Jl J 2 J3 vibrate the hammers Dl D21)3 by their peripheries coming in contact with. the rollers d2; and themetion of these cam-wheels and the wheel l are so timed, relatively, that the cams upon Jl and J2 move together, and the cams upon Jg and the rollers upon the arms ofthe. wheel I move together, alter]rating/between those of .ll and Jl, thus delivering alternate blow.' and .rolls upon the horizontal and vertical sides of thc lnail or article to be reduced or pointed. The steel dies a of the hammers lll are so shaped and spaced as to give thc required horizontal shape and width, and the steel die n ofthe hammer 1) so shaped and at 'such a distance from the cylindrical rollers I, whenin position, as to give the required vertical thickness of thc horseshoemail or other article forged. li is a cutter, an enlarged longitudinalncrosssection ot' a part of which is shown at Fig. ti, and is provided willi a stop-stud,l\l, a-nd spiral spring O, or its' equivalent. 'lhc cutter is fastened to the end of the hammer l )l by means ot' screws, and vibrates with the hammer, being held out of position by the spring O until thrown forward, through the slot in the cap-piece, once at cach revolution of the machine by the stud L on the camwheel J, and is immediately thereafter returned to its position by the spring O. The stud is so arranged as 4to operate thc cutter when the horseshoe-nail or other article being forged is finished, and when griped between the two horizontal hammers Jl and J il, the nail heilig free to drop from the machine when the hammers open.

The operation is as follows, viz: The machine heilig' put in motion, the rod or other' article to be forged is fed into the machine immediately after the cutter K has operated, and is partially reduced in vertical thickness bel tween the steel die u. of the hammer D and l thc roller l upon thcarm il of the wheel l; the l cam jl ot' the cam-wheel J2, forcing down and holding in position the hammer D sutliciently l long to allow the roller Z to pass the length desired, and -innnediately thereafter, by the i pressure of the spring E, forcing the .hammer against the recess in the cam-wheel J 2, and the arm. l ot' the wheel I passes out of position by the rotary motion of the shaft Fl. The two horizontal hammers Dl and D2 are then, by the camsjl and jl upon the cam-wheels Jl and J it, simultaneously forced against the rod, partially reducing it to the horizontal shape and width desired, and are in like manner, by the spring' lil, forced out of position, thus alternating the rolls and blows, until the machine has made kone revolution, and iinished the article being forged, when the cutter K is thrown forward or operated by the stud Il, cutting off the nail, whenit drops out, and the rod is immediately fed forward for another nail.

It will be evident that the relative positions of the cam-wheel J 2 and its vibrating hammer D and the wheel I may be reversed; but, for reasons specified, we prefer that the cam-wheel and hammer be placed above the center line of the machine, and the wheel I below, as shown. It will also be evidentthat the cams upon the cam-wheel Jl may all be equally distant from the center of the shaft upon which they rcvolve, and those upon J" at greater unequal distances than is shown, or vice versa, and that those upon the cam-wheels J2 be equally distant from their center, and the periphery of the cylindrical rollers l at unequal distances from the center of the shaft Fl, and produce a like gradual reduction of the metal bein forged.

'We claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patcntl. The combination of the hammers Dl .l)- I ll, pivoted at 71, friction-rollers d2, and spring E, with the cams Jl J2 J, cach having projectionsjljzjllj'lj on their periphery, increasing in height from the first to the last, to grad ually draw and finish thc nail, as described.

2. In combination with the pivotedham mers l)l D? D3 and graduated cams JlJ2J3,the wheel I having' arms lil 'i2 i yil 'if and drawingrollers I, as and for the purpose set forth.

The combination, substantially as described, of the pivotcd hammers Dl I)2 D3, friction-roller d2, dies ai', graduated cams Jl J2 J 3, cutter K, and stud Il, as and for the purpose setforth.

4. rlhe combination ot' the cams, the piv oted hammers, the diawing-rollers, and the spring with the fralne A, supports B C, driving-shaft Fl, and the connecting gearing', substantially as shown and described.

, JOB VIYIYSALL, JUN.

MIAS. M. MERRIGK.

lYitnesses:`

S. lll'nnnicit, l S. ilumina. 

